Joseph warren de camp



(Nomaden) J. W.,DE CAMP.

1100K DRILL.

No. 601,223. Patented Mar. 22,1898..

y Illlll t M www IM I In VIo which-e UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH WARREN DE OAMROF HELENA, MONTANA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO L. M.l SHAW, OF SAME PLACE.

ROCK- DRILL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 601,223, dated. March 22, v1898. Application filed June 30, 1897. Serial No. 642,975. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern: Be it known that I, JOSEPH WARREN DE CAMP, a citizen of the United States, residing at Helena, in the county of Lewis and Clarke and State of Montana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rock-Drills; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled inthe artto which it appertains to make and use the same.v My invention relates to improvements in rock-drills;` and it has for one of its objects to provide a drill embodying a'simple and efcient means for automaticallyv turning the drill-rod subsequent to each blow of the sledge, thus dispensing with the services of a secondman to turn the drill, as is common inl manual drilling.

Another object of the invention is to provide a drill embodying an automatic feed for advancing .the drill-rod as the depth of the hole being drilled increases. f

Another object is to provide a drill embodying a spring for .withdrawin g the drill-rod after each blow, and means for regulating the tension 'of such spring in accordance with the hardness ofl the rock being operated upon and still another .object is so provide a means wherebythe. drill-,rodi and its appurtenances may be adj usted both vertically and horizontally as well as at various, angles of inclina tion with respect to .its support.

Other obj ects and advantages of the inven-` Ition will be fully understood fromthe following description and claims when taken in conjunction with the annexed drawings, in

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of my improved drill complete in its operative position. Figs. 2 and 3 are transverse sections Ataken` inA the planes indicated by the lines a; and yy of Fig. l; and Figs. 4 and 5 are detail transverse sections taken in the planes indicated by the lines w fw and z e', respectively, of Fig. 1.

In the said'drawings similar letters designate corresponding parts in all of the several views, referring to which- A indicates the drill-support, which may be of any suitable type, although I prefer to employ a piece of gas-pi pe having internal screwthreads a at one end and an extension-piece l), screwed into such threaded end and provided with a jam-nut c, as illustrated. This construction is advantageous because it permits ofthe support being readily fixed between two walls of a hole or pocket and also because it permits of the support being readily increased or diminished in length, as desired.

B indicates the drill-rod. O .indicates vthe movable frame which carries the drill-rod and its appurtenances and is provided with threaded guide-collars d e for said rod. D indicates the frame which holds and guides the slidable frame O in vits movements, and E indicates the feed-rack for advancing said movable frame and the drill-rod as the depth of the hole being drilled increases.

In the preferred embodiment of my inventionthe frame D for the sake of convenience in assembling the parts comprises a body e and flange-guides f, the said flanges fbeing connected by the screws g to the rack-plate E andthe said rack-plate being connected in turn `to the body e through the medium of screws h, as better shown in Figs. 1 and 3 of the drawings.

, The frame D is preferably connected to the support A by the bolt fi, which has a nutj, and the hinge-clip lc, which straddles the support A and has its arms interposed between the nut j'and the frame, as shown, this construction being preferable because when the nut j is loosened it permits of the clip being moved to any desired point on the support and also permits of the frame D being swung on or with the bolt z' to various positions, while when the nutis tightened the clip is held against movement on the support and the frame D against movement on the bolt. It

is obvious, however, that the frameA D mayl The slidable frame C is provided with lianges Z to engage the iianged guides fof frame D, and it is also provided with a springpressed pawl F, which engages the rack E,

and a plunger G, which impinges against the IOO said pawl and is designed to disengage the same from the rack for a purpose presently described.

The drill-rod B may be made in one piece, if desired; but I prefer for obvious reasons to provide it with a chuck II, whereby various bits I may be readily connected with it. The said chuck H comprises a tubular body m, which is mounted on the drill-rod and receives the bit and is provided with an opening a at an intermediate point in its length, a gib p, arranged in said opening, and the clamp q, which surrounds the body m and the gib, as shown.` This construction, as will be readily appreciated, permits of the bit I being readily removed from the chuck and as readily replaced by another bit when desirable. The drill-rod B is provided within the frame C with the collar with laterally-extended portion J, designed to strike the plunger G, and it is also provided with a coiled spring K, which surrounds it and is interposed between the collar J and the guide-collar e, as shown in Fig. l. Said rod B is further provided with a collar M, which is forged or otherwise suitably secured upon it. This collar M (see Figs. l and 3) is gradually reduced in diameter from its forward to its rear end and is provided in its periphery with longitudinal grooves r, and these longitudinal grooves, which have the bottom walls r and the side walls r2 disposed at an angle to each other, respectively, comprise the end portions s s', which rest in parallel or approximately parallel planes, and the intermediate portion 2f, which is disposed at an angle to the end portions, as illustrated.

The collar M is preferably engaged by a single spring-pressed detent N, although more than one may be employed, if desired. This spring-pressed detent N rests in and is guided by a lateral extension P of the frame C, and it will therefore be seen that with the parts in the position shown in Fig. l when the drillrod is struck by a sledge and moved in the direction indicated by arrow the detent N will first be engaged by the portion s of one groove r, then by the portion t of the next groove r to the left, and then by the portion s of the latter groove, this being due to the fact that the drill-rod on its forward or cutting stroke and the collar M on said rod move without turning. On the succeeding or return stroke of the drill-rod, however, it will be seen that the detent N will first be engaged by the wall r2 of the portion s of the groove, then by the wall r2 of the portion t of the groove, and then by the wall r2 of the portion s of the groove, the result being that the collar M and the drillrod will be partially turned toward the right. This operation is repeated at each forward and backward movement of the drill-rod, and in virtue of the same the drill-bit is presented ina different position to the rock at each blow. In virtue of the collar M being gradually reduced in diameter from its forward end to its rear end, as described, it will be seen that the pressure of the detent N against the collar M decreases as the collar moves forward with the drill-rod, so as not to retard the forward movement of said rod, and increases as the collar moves rearwardly or backward with the drill-rod, so as to prevent a too rapid rebound of the rod, which is an important advantage. As long as the normal distance between the base of the hole being drilled and the point of the drillbit remains less than the distance between the plunger G and the loose collar J the blows on the drill-rod will simply tend to drive the same and impartan intermittent rotative movement thereto; but when the distance between the point of the drill-bit and the base of the hole being drilled becomes greater than the distance between the plunger and the collar J said collar will impinge against the plunger G, and by disengaging the dog or pawl F from the rack E will allow the frame C to slide in its bearings and the dog or pawl to engage the next tooth ot' the rack, thus advancing the drill, so that in addition to a reciproeatory and intermittent movement the drill-rod has a step-by step forward movement. The pawl F does not have a tendency to release itself or ride over the teeth of rack E during backward strain on the frame C. When, however, the drill has been advanced as far as desired, the frame C may be disengaged from the rack E by inserting a suitable implement through an opening in the side of frame C and pressing the pawl G forwardly, so as to release the pawl from the rack. The frame C, with its appurtenances, is then free to be moved in either direction on the frame D.

As is well known, the force required to cut hard rock is greater than that required to cut soft rock, and yet the force required to withdraw the drill-rod is less in hard rock than in soft rock. The tendency of the spring should therefore be such as to exert greater pressure in withdrawing the drill from soft rock than from hard rock, and for this purpose the guide-collar e is made adjustable, so that the tension of the spring may be increased or diminished through the medium of the same.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim isl. In a rockdrill, the combination of a frame, a reciproeatory drill-rod loosely mounted in said frame, means for reti-acting the drill-rod a longitudinally-grooved collar fixed on the drill-rod and gradually reduced in diameter from its forward to its rear end, and a spring-pressed detent arranged in the frame and continuously impinging against the grooved collar, substantially as specified.

2. In a rock-drill, the combination of a frame, a reciproeatory drill-rod extending longitudinally through and loosely mounted in said frame, a coiled spring interposed between the frame and the drill-rod and adapted to retract said rod and normally hold it with one of its ends extending in rear of the frame so IOO IIO

IZO

as to Vpermit of it.beingl struck by a hammer, a longitudinally-grooved collar fixed on the drill-rod and gradually reduced in diameter fromits forward to its rear end, and a springpressed detent arranged in the frame and continuously impinging against the grooved collar, substantially as specified.

3. In a rock drill, the combination of a frame, a reciprocatory drill-rod mounted in the frame so as to permititv to turn, means for retracting the drill-rod, a collar fixed with respect to the drill-rod and gradually reduced in diameter from its forward end to its rear endk and having longitudinal grooves with their bottoms beveled in cross-section and respectively comprising the end portions arranged in parallel planes and the intermediate portion disposed at an angle to the end portions, and a spring-pressed detent ar` ranged in the frame and impinging against the collar, substantially as specified.

4. In a rock-drill, the combination of a d guide-frame'provided with a Alongitudinal in the slidable frame and normally engaging the rack of the guide-frame, a drill-rod loosely mounted in the slidable frame and having its rear end extended beyond the rear end of the slidable frame, a spring for retracting the drill-rod, a reciprocatory plunger mounted in a guide in the slidable frame and impinging at one end against the dog or pawl, a projection on the drill-rod adapted to strike the other end of said plunger when the drill-rod is driven forwardly, a collar fixed with respect to the drill-rod and gradually reduced in diameter from its forward to its rear end and having longitudinal grooves with their bottoms beveled in cross-section and respectively comprising the end portions arranged in parallel planes and the intermediate portion disposed at an angle to the end portions, and a spring-pressed detent arranged in the slidable frame and impinging against the collar, substantially as speciiied. y

In testimony whereof I affix my signature inpresence of two witnesses.

JOSEPH WARREN DE CAMP.

Witnesses: l

DAVID Goss, y HENRY METCALF. 

